edsanders.com - Phonics Rules

Vocals

Name Power

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1 A Ale

2 A Arm 

3 A All 

4 A At 

5 E Eat 

6 E Bet 

7 I Ice 

8 I It 

9 O Ode 

10 O Do 

11 O Ox

12 U Sue

13 U Up

14 U Full

15 Ou Out

Sub-Vocals

Name Power

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Name Power

16 B Ebb

17 D Odd

18 G Egg

19 J, G Jet

20 L Ill

21 M Him

22 N Run

23 R Bur

24 V Ev

25 W Woe

26 Y Yet

27 Z, S Buzz

28 Z Azure

29 Th Thy

30 Ng Sing

Aspirates

Name Power

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31 P Up

32 T It

33 K, C Ark

35 H He

36 F If

37 Wh When

38 S, C Sin

39 Sh Fish

40 Th Thin

Note.-In this table, each vocal element is combined in words with all the sub-vocals and aspirates which is known to combine in the language. The class may be required to pronounce these words in an explosive and forcible utterance, both individually and in concert, until the highlighted letters can be easily and perfectly articulated in combination.

1. The sound of a long; as in bate, date, fate, gate, hate, jane, kale, lade, mate, nape, pate, rate, sate, tame, vane, wave, yate, gaze, chain, thane, lathe, shape, whale.

2. a flat, or Italian; as in bar, dark, garb, hark, jar, car, lark, mar, nard, par, raft, salve, tar, vast, waft, yarn, czar, char, lath, father, sharp.

At the time this was written there were conflicts between Webster and Worchester, both of which were in the dictionary business. (Ed Sanders' Note)

(Worchester regards the sound of a in the words raft, vast, waft, lath, intermediate between that of a in fat and a in far. But the sound of a in this class of words, though not quite so much prolonged, is considered by Dr. Webster to be radically the same as it is in far, daunt, etc.; and hence we have put all such words in the same class here.)

3. a broad as; in ball, dawn, fall, gall, haw, jaw, kaw, law, mall, gnaw, pall, raw, saw, tall, vault, wall, yawl, gauze, chalk, thaw, shawl, wharf.

4. a short; as in bat, dash, fat, gat, hat, jam, cat, lad, mat, nap, pat, rat, sat, tan, van, wax, yam, azoth, chap, sang, thank, that, shall, whack.

5. e long; as in be, deep, feet, geese, he, jeer, key, lee, need, peat, reel, see, teem, veer, we, yee, zeal, cheer, theme, thee, she, wheel.

6. e short; as in bet, den, fen, get, hen, jet, ken, let, met, net, pet, rest, set, ten, vex, wet, yet, zed, check, theft, then, shed, when.

7. i long; as in bite, dine, fine, guide, hive, gibe, kite, line, mine, nine, pine, ripe, site, tine, vine, size, chime, thigh, thine, shine, white.

8. i short; as in bit, din, fin, gimp, hit, jib, kit, lid, mix, nit, pin, rio, sit, tin, vill, wit, zinc, chin, sing, thin, with, shin, whit.

9. o long; as in bolt, dome, foe, go, hole, joke, coke, lone, mote, note, pole, rope, sole, tone, vote, wove, joke, zone, choke, thole, those, shoal.

10. o middle; as in boot, do, food, goom, hoot, coop, lose, move, noose, pool, roost, soup, too, woo, ooze, cartouch, tooth, shoe.

11. o short; as in bot, dot, fox, got, hot, jot, cot, lot, mop, not, pop, rot, sot, top, novel, wot, yon, zocco, chop, ssong, thong, pother, shot, whop.

12. u long; as in bugle, due, fume, hue, june, cue, lute, mute, nude, pule, rule, sue, tune, yule, zumie, truth, sure.

(In the words rule, truth, sure, Worchester sounds the u like o in move. But the best speakers, in Dr. Webster's view, give only a slight softening between the vocal and sub-vocal or aspirate, pronouncing the u, in all this class of words, in a less broad and open manner than the o in move, thus giving the letter its distinctive elementary sound.)

13. u short; as in but, dust, fun, gun, hut, just, cull, lull, must, nut, pun, sup, tun, vulgar, yucca, buzz, shub, sung, thumb, thus, shut, whur.

14. u middle; as in bush, pudding, full, sugar, could, bull, pull, put, would, butcher, should.

15. ow and ou; as in bow, down, fowl, gout, how, jounce, cow, loud, mount, noun, pout, rout, south, town, vouch, wound, mouth, thou, shout.

Note.- This table embraces a great variety of the combinations of the sub-vocals and aspirates; and it is recommended that the class be frequently exercised in the pronounciation of them, both individually and in concert. The letters before the colon and dash indicate the sound to be given to the combinations underlined, whose elements are to be clearly and distinctly uttered.

1. Bd:- sobbed, robed.

Bl:- blood, blind, able, feeble.

Bld:- fabled, dabbled, trembled, tumbled.

Blz:- rambles, pebbles, rumbles, bubbles.

Br:- brain, brown, bright, brick.

Bz:- describes, cubs, clubs.

2. Ch:- pitch, much, chimney.

3. Dl:- cradle, idle, middle.

Dld:- kindled, fondled, huddled.

Dlz:- candles, paddles, riddles.

Dn:- sadden, ridden, golden.

Dr:- dream, dress, drive, drew.

Dst:- coveredst, amidst.

Dz:- trades, weeds, sleds, sides.

4. Fl:- flame, fling, baffle, trifle.

 Flz:- baffles, trifles.

 Fn:- often, soften.

 Fr:- frame, frank, friend.

 Fs:- laughs, griefs.

 Ft:- abaft, left, lift, soft.

 Fth:- fifth.

 Fts:- gifts, lifts, drifts.

 5. Gd:- gragged, begged.

 Gl:- gleams, glide, glory, struggle.

 Gld:- tangled, mingled, struggled.

 Glz:- eagles, jungles, struggles.

 Gr:- grown, grand, agreed, regret.

Gz:- rags, eggs, trigs, exert.

6. Jd:- engaged, discouraged, obliged, hedged, dodged, lodged.

7. Kl:- clad, clean, club, circle, sparkle.

 Klz:- sparkles, articles, spectacles.

 Kn:- taken, forsaken, broken.

 Kr:- creep, creek, crying.

Ks:- sacks, cheeks, necks, bricks, looks.

Kt:- expect, looked, locked, picked.

Kts:- acts, facts, insects.

Kst:- next, fixed, mixed.

Ksth:- sixth.

8. Lb:- bulb, bulbous.

Ld:- failed, crawled, told, child.

Ldz:- fields, wilds, shields.

Lf:- half, self, wolf.

Lj:- indulge, divulge.

Ljd:- indulged, divulged.

Lk:- milk, silk, bulk, skulk.

Lks:- silks, sulks.

Lkt:- Milked, skulked.

Lm:- helmless, elm, film.

Lmz:- overwhelms, helms, elms.

Ln:- fallen, swollen, stolen.

Lp:- help, yelp.

Lps:- helps, scalps.

Lpt:- scalped, helped.

Ls:- false, else, convulse.

Lst:- convulsed.

Lt:- fault, felt, bolt, result.

Lth:- health, wealth, filth.

Lts:- melts, colts, results.

Lv:- solve, twelve, resolve.

Lvd:- delved, resolved.

Lvz:- ourselves, wolves, involves.

Lz:- balls, miles, angels, jewels.

9. Md:- benumbed, dimmed, dreamed, formed,
ashamed, slammed, assumed.

Mf:- triumph, nymph.

Mp:- lamp, jump, pump.

Mps:- glimpse, camps.

Mt:- stamped, tempt, prompt.

Mts:- attempts.

Mz:- claims, beams, gems, comes, limbs.

10. Nch:- branches, Quenches, benches.

Ncht:- drenched, pinched.

Nd:- land, fond, mind.

Ndz:- hands, kinds, winds, pounds.

Ng:- sing, young, wrong.

Ngd:- belonged.

Nk:- drank, think, sunk.

Nks:- banks, flanks, thanks, anxious.

Nkt:- thanked, planked.

Ngth:- length, strength.

Ngth:- lengthen, strengthen.

Ngz:- hangs, belongs, stings.

Nj:- revenge, plunge.

Njd:- fringed, tinged, revenged.

Nkt:- distinct, extinct.

Nt:- want, sent, hunt.

Nths:- months, hyacinths.

Nts:- wants, events, tints, accounts.

Ns:- dance, expense, intense.

Nst:- against, chanced, convinced.

Nz:- pains, means, bones, ones.

11.Pl:- play, simple, reply.

Pld:- trampled, dimpled.

Plz:- apples, examples, principles.

Pn:- open, deepen.

Pr:-pray, price, prime.

Ps:- lips, drops, types, hoops.

Pt:- kept, stooped, clipped.

Pth:- depth.

Pts:- precepts.

12. Rb:- warbling, superb.

Rbd:- disturbed, curbed.

Rbz:- garbs, orbs, curbs.

Rch:- arch, march, torch.

Rd:- hard, board, furred.

Rdz:- herds, birds, words.

Rf:- scarf, wharf.

Rj:- large, charge, urge.

Rjd:- enlarged, urged.

Rk:- spark, jerk, embark.

Rks:- remarks, lurks, works.

Rkt:- merked, worked.

Rl:- girl, pearl, whirl.

Rld:- world, hurled.

Rldz:- worlds.

Riz:- girls, pearls, whirls.

Rm:- warm, charm, firm.

Rmd:- formed, performed.

Rmth:- warmth.

Rmz:- arms, forms, terms.

Rn:- thorn, mourn, turn.

Rnz:- learns, earns, warns.

Rnd:- learned, burned, adorned.

Rp:- carp, sharp, harp.

Rs:- horse, purse, scarcely.

Rst:- forced, thirst, burst, first.

Rt:- part, short, port.

Rth:- dearth, forth, north.

Rths:- hearths, earths.

Rts:- hearts, forts, sorts.

Rv:- deserve, starve.

Rvd:- served, swerved.

Rvz:- starves, serves.

Rz:- cars, tears, doors.

13. Sh:- wash, shoot, shouts.

Shr:- shrewd, shrill, shrink, shrub.

Sht:- lashed, wished, rushed.

Sk:- bask, scold, school.

Skr:- screams, scrub, screw.

Sks:- tasks, tusks, husks.

Skt:- asked, frisked, risked.

Sl:- slate, slide, sloop.

Sm:- small, smiled, smoke.

Sn:- snap, snuff, snow, person.

Sp:- spare, speak, spoil.

Spl:- spleen. splendor.

Spr:- spread, sprightly, spring.

Spt:- clasped, gasped, grasped.

Sps:- wasps, grasps.

St:- placed, dust, stay, steal, sting.

Str:- straight, strikes, strength.

Sts:- nests, exists, roosts.

Sw:- sweet, swing, swept.

14. Th:- they, though, leather.

Th:- breath, truth, youth.

Thd:- clothed, wreathed, sheathed.

Thr:- thrilled, thrusts, throttle.

Thz:- mouths.

Ths:- faiths.

Tl:- cattle, gentle, littlt, turtle.

Tld:- settled, titled.

Tlz:- battles, nettles, titles.

Tn:- cotton, shorten.

Tr:- trade, trust, paltry.

Ts:- traits, sweets, roots.

Tw:- between, twine.

15. Vd:- saved, perceived, moved.

Vl:- evil, weevil.

Vlz:- evils.

Vz:- waves, leaves, gives.

16. Wh:- what, where, when, while, which, whisper.

17. Zd:- gazed, teased, exposed.

Zl:- puzzle, weasel.

Zld:- puzzled.

Zlz:- Puzzles.

Zn:- frozen, crimson.

Znz:- raisins, seasons, reasons.